In a country founded on principles of equality of opportunity, the fact that race and ethnicity are associated with poor health gives rise to the question…is the American health care system unjust as it relates to the equitable distribution of healthcare.  Since the early 1940s the U.S. has recognized that minorities face different health outcomes than their non-minority counterparts. In fact, a study conducted by McCord and Freeman found that the health outcomes of blacks in 1990 were comparable to those of whites in the 1920s.  The study showed that the health outcomes of black males living in an American inner city were worse than those of males living in Bangladesh.  Since that time numerous reports demonstrating disparities in rates of morbidity, mortality, disease, and injury have shown that the health outcomes of racial and ethnic minorities are persistently worse than those of the non-minority in several major categories.